Background and objective: Pertussis is a highly communicable, vaccine-preventable disease.The use of vaccines has reduced the disease but hasn't eliminated the circulation of Bordetella pertussis.In this study we determined the seroprevalence of antibodies against B. pertussis in different AGE GROUPS in Tehran.Materials and methods: Plasma samples of 1101 subjects between AGEs of 8 months and 20 years were tested for the presence of pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and different lipopolysaccharides (LPS) antibodies by ELISA. All cases vaccinated at least three times with DTwP in the first year of life, followed by two boosters at the AGE of 18 months and 4-6 years.Results: The overall prevalence of pertussis antibodies was 48% and the mean antibody level was 44±47.7 u/ml. Over half (53.1%) of the children AGEd 8 months to 6 years were negative for pertussis antibodies. Pertussis antibodies rates and levels were significantly different between AGE GROUPS and their significant elevations were observed with increasing AGE.Conclusion: Our study showed that up to half of the vaccinated children lacked an antibody response to vaccine, so using a more immunogenic ally effective vaccine to ensure sufficient immunity is essential. Also we showed that B. pertussis infection is on the rise in Iranian adolescents and young adults. Booster vaccination of this AGE group appears to be the most logical approach to disease prevention in adolescents and control the circulation of the organism.

Objective: Fluoxetine, a widely used antidepressant, can affect the serum sodium level. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare changes in the serum sodium level of depressive patients taking fluoxetine according to AGE. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 126 patients with depression, dividing the patients into two AGE GROUPS of 15 to 35 years, and above 55 years, who referred to psychiatric clinics of the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Serum sodium level was measured prior to fluoxetine therapy and at the first and third week after; adverse symptoms were recorded. Serum sodium level, hyponatremia, and other adverse effects were compared between the two AGE GROUPS. Results: There was a significant decrease in serum sodium levels in the older patients at the first and third week after the therapy; but the serum sodium levels decreased only after the third week of therapy in the younger patients (p < 0.05). Serum sodium level was significantly lower in older than in younger patients at the third week of the therapy (140.8±2.26 vs. 135.2±2.06; p < 0.05), and hyponatremia was detected only in the older patients after the first and third week of therapy, 4.7% and 15.8%, respectively. Conclusions: Using fluoxetine can decrease serum sodium level, which is more frequent, more severe, and more clinically manifested in older than younger patients. Monitoring serum sodium level is recommended in early weeks of fluoxetine therapy especially for patients older than 55 years of AGE.

BACKGROUND: Maturity of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) ovary takes place at 2-8 years old and it is depends on photoperiod and environmental water temperature.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify macroscopical and microscopical structure of silver carp ovary in two categories of body weight, total body length and at 2 and 4 years old in Khuzestan province climatic conditions.METHODS: 20 silver carp ovaries were studied in two GROUPS: Group 1(G1): 10 fish with total body length 46±1.33 Cm and weight 1050±0.09 grand approximately 2 years old. Group 2(G1): 10 fish with total body length 86±3.64 Cm and weight 5460±800 gr and approximately 4 years old. For the histometrical studies, 5-6 m sections were made by routine paraffin embedding method and stained by H&E and PAS.RESULTS: Microscopic results showed that ovaries of G1 covered by a thin loose connective capsule which numerous of egg-bearingtrabecula extended from capsule into ovaries. These trabecula contained primary germ cells, oogonium, chromatin nocleolus, perinocleolus and cortical alveolus follicles. Ovaries of G1 do not have yolk and mature follicles. But in ovaries of G2, growth and mature follicles were observed and mature follicles were most follicles. Histometrical results showed that there are not a significant differences in diameter of follicles, oocytes and oocytes nucleolus in G1 and 2. The maximum and minimum diameter of follicles were seen in mature and chromatin nucleolus follicles respectively. The Zona plucida thickness was increased from corticalalveolus (1.53±1.11 mm) to mature follicles (6.88±0.21 mm) significantly (p<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: The most interesting finding of this study is that in Khuzestan Province climate, the ovary of silver carp fish in G1, with averAGE weight 1050±0.09 gr and total length 46±1.33 Cm and approximately of 2 years old is immature but ovary of G2 with averAGE weight of 5460±800 gr and total length 86±3.64 Cm and approximately 4 years old is mature.

The main question in this paper is whether perceptions of health are similar across AGE GROUPS. If yes, what are these differences? To answer this question, Grounded Theory and Semi-Structured Interviewing Technique with 34Young Adults in Semnan City were used. This study was conducted in two neighborhoods with different levels of economic well-being. This study was conducted in two neighborhoods with different levels of economic well-being and with the emergence of categories, it became theoretical sampling, and with the non-emergence of a new concept in the last four interviews, it became final. Purposeful sampling was used to select the sample of this research. The findings show that there are four main categories of health, health, perception of life, and behavior therapy in understanding health behavior. According to the identified categories and subcategories, four main paradigms were identified. These paradigms are 1. The paradigm pattern of traditional behavior, 2. The beautiful and fit body pattern, 3. The body pattern as a tool, 4. The pattern of returning to nature. Young people are mainly seen in the AGE group of a beautiful and fit body. The messAGE conditions in this model are the emergence of secondary disease and the dramatic consumption of health goods. Adults are mainly placed in the body pattern by tools.